Kev siv cov yas antioxidants yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los ncua kev degradation los yog thermo-oxidative aging ntawm yas resins thiab cov khoom. General-purpose antioxidants los yog kev ua haujlwm siab antioxidants yog qee zaum nyuaj kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub thiab siv, thiab qee zaum lawv tsis raug nqi. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo antioxidant yuav tsum xav txog cov qauv molecular ntawm cov yas resin, txheej txheem polymerization, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv khoom.
Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib txuas thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov yas resins, nrog rau kev ua thiab kev siv cov khoom yas, vim yog cov khoom xws li cua sov thiab oxygen, cov yas polymers yuav degraded mus rau ntau qhov sib txawv, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub cev, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab cov tsos ntawm resins thiab cov khoom. Cov teebmeem tsis zoo ntawm cov xim, kev ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam Kev siv cov tshuaj antioxidants yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los ncua kev degradation lossis thermo-oxidative aging ntawm resins thiab cov khoom. Daim ntawv thov ntau yam thiab ntau ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj antioxidants yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov qauv molecular ntawm cov yas resin, txheej txheem polymerization, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv cov khoom.
1. Muaj nuj nqi thiab hom tshuaj antioxidants
Vim cov qauv molecular sib txawv ntawm cov yas resins, los yog tib lub qauv molecular vim cov txheej txheem polymerization sib txawv, cov txheej txheem ua, siv ib puag ncig thiab tej yam kev mob, thermal oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ceev thiab thermal oxidation tsis kam ntawm cov yas resins txawv heev.
Antioxidants ntxiv rau cov yas resins kom zoo inhibit los yog txo cov thermal oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov yas macromolecules, ncua lub thermal thiab oxygen degradation txheej txheem ntawm yas resins, ho txhim kho lub tshav kub tsis kam ntawm yas resins, prolong lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov khoom yas, thiab txhim kho. kev siv cov khoom yas. muaj nuj nqis yas additives.
Antioxidants yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov yas. Ua ntej, antioxidants yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm yas polymerization, granulation, cia, ua, siv, thiab recycling. Thib ob, ntawm ntau hom khoom siv yas uas muaj cov qauv sib txawv uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, xws li polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene polymers, engineering plastics, tshwj xeeb plastics thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas siv cov tshuaj antioxidants.
Feem ntau siv cov yas antioxidants feem ntau muab faib ua tsib pawg raws li cov qauv molecular thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua: hindered phenols, phosphites, thios, composites thiab hindered amines (HALS).
Hindered phenol antioxidants yog cov antioxidants tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas, thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua rau cov oxidative radicals R‧ thiab ROO‧ tsim los ntawm oxidation hauv cov ntaub ntawv yas los cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov saw hlau. Hindered phenol antioxidants muab faib ua monophenol, bisphenol, polyphenol, nitrogen heterocyclic polyphenol thiab lwm yam ntau yam raws li cov qauv molecular.
Phosphite antioxidants thiab sulfur-muaj antioxidants yog ob qho tib si pab antioxidants. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kom decompose cov nquag hydroperoxides hauv cov yas rau hauv cov khoom siv qis. Kev tsim khoom hauv tsev thiab kev noj cov phosphite antioxidants suav txog li 30 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab noj cov tshuaj antioxidants. Sulfur-muaj antioxidants uas tsim nyob rau hauv Suav teb tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg raws li cov qauv molecular: thioester antioxidants, thiobisphenol antioxidants thiab thioether phenols.
Ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv thawj thiab theem nrab, lossis tib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv nrog cov qauv molecular sib txawv, muaj cov haujlwm sib txawv thiab daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam, txhua tus muaj nws lub zog thiab tsis muaj zog.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib xyaw ua ke yog tsim los ntawm ob lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidants ntawm ntau hom lossis ntau yam sib txawv ntawm tib hom. Nws tuaj yeem kawm los ntawm ib leeg hauv cov ntaub ntawv yas thiab qhia txog kev sib koom ua ke. Thermo-oxidative laus nyhuv. Synergistic nyhuv txhais tau hais tias thaum ob los yog ntau tshaj additives yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, cov nyhuv ntawm daim ntawv thov yog ntau dua li cov sum ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm txhua additives siv ib leeg, uas yog, 1 ntxiv 1.﹥2.
Hindered amine stabilizers yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov organic amine compounds nrog steric hindrance nyhuv, uas muaj plaub synergistic stabilizing zog ntawm decomposing hydroperoxide, quenching zoo siab lub xeev oxygen, ntes dawb radicals, thiab rov ua dua nws tus kheej. Qhov hnyav molecular hnyav hindered amines yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo thiab kav ntev, nrog rau cov teeb pom kev zoo. Feem ntau ntawm cov hindered amines yog raws li 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl pawg.
2. Kev xaiv cov yas antioxidants
Cov cua sov txaus yuav tsum tau muab thaum lub sijhawm polymerization ntawm cov yas resins, tom qab ua tiav lossis ua tiav cov khoom yas. Thaum tshav kub kub yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau resin degradation. Kev siv cov tshuaj antioxidants hauv resin polymerization lossis tom qab ua tiav tau maj mam lees paub los ntawm kev lag luam.
Lub degradation ntawm PVC resin yog nrog los ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm resin polymerization. Feem ntau, hindered phenol antioxidants xws li 246, 1076, 245, phosphite antioxidants xws li PKY-618, thiab fatty acid zinc, epoxidized soybean oil, JC-ZH21, thiab lwm yam. tsim ib qho system ruaj khov. Ntawm lawv, JC-ZH21 yog ib hom tshiab ntawm nitrogen heterocyclic compound nrog qis ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem ntes cov dawb radicals, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo stabilization thiab raug nqi.
Cov txheej txheem polymerization ntawm ABS, SBS, PS, POM thiab lwm yam resins tag nrho siv cov tshuaj antioxidants los yog ua ke thermal stabilization systems, xws li thioester antioxidants DLTP, DSTP, phosphite ester antioxidants PKY-136, thiab lwm yam.
Methyl methacrylate PMMA (feem ntau hu ua plexiglass) muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj, kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo heev. Nyob rau theem tom ntej ntawm PMMA synthesis, kev kho kub kub feem ntau yog ua kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj tsis haum hauv cov resin. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev kho kub kub nce mus txog 220 degree los yog siab dua, cov pab pawg kawg ntawm cov tsis txaus PMMA molecular chains tsim los ntawm disproportionation ntawm cov saw radicals pib tawg bonds, PMMA polymer pib degrade, cov khoom siv kho mob thiab pob tshab. , thiab cov xim ntawm cov resin deteriorates.
Ntxiv cov tshuaj antioxidants hauv cov txheej txheem tom qab kho PMMA tuaj yeem txhim kho cov thermo-oxidative stability ntawm PMMA. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidants yog txhawm rau nce qhov kev txiav txim siab pib thiab kub tshaj plaws ntawm kev rhuav tshem ntawm PMMA. Hindered phenolic antioxidants tuaj yeem ua rau ib txhij nce qhov kub thiab txias ntawm PMMA. Phosphite antioxidants tuaj yeem nce qhov kub ntawm PMMA thawj zaug, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem nce qhov kub siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov decomposition ntawm PMMA.
Ultra-siab molecular hnyav polyethylene fiber ntau (tseem hu ua high-performance polyethylene fiber, UHMWPE) muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, siab modulus, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, muaj zog lub teeb tsis kam thiab siab hnav tsis kam, nrog rau dej tsis kam, noo noo tsis kam, seawater resistance thiab mildew resistance. Kev qaug zog ua haujlwm thiab lub neej ntev flex ua rau nws cov khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog lub zog tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Qhov kub ntawm ultra-high molecular hnyav polyethylene fiber ntau yog li 190 degree, uas tsis suav tias yog qhov kub siab. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog lub siab yaj viscosity, lub sijhawm nyob hauv extruder yog li 10 feeb, thiab lub sijhawm cua sov yog ntev. Thaum cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv tsev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant rau kev tsim khoom, cov thermal degradation ntawm cov resin yog qhov hnyav, qhov hnyav ntawm molecular raug txo los ntawm 4 lab mus rau tsawg dua 3 lab, thiab lub zog ntawm cov lo lo ntxhuav yog 15-20 feem pua qis dua li ntawm imported silk, thiab cov tsos yog yellowed. Tom qab siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb JC-211B system, qhov hnyav ntawm molecular tsis txo qis, lub zog ntawm cov lo lo ntxhuav nce mus txog qib ntawm cov txhob lo lo ntxhuav txawv teb chaws, thiab cov tsos yog dawb thiab ci.
Polypropylene ua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tsim cov polypropylene filaments, yuav tsum tau nruj heev extrusion txheej txheem, thiab cov txheej txheem kub yog siab tshaj 200 degree. Polypropylene kub-packed cement hnab, asphalt hnab, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau siv rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm kub ntawm txog 60 degree; Qhov kub ntawm cov hnab yas siv rau hauv qhov qhib cua hauv lub caij ntuj sov tuaj yeem ncav cuag 70 degree hauv qab hnub ci. Hongrun pigment: 3132 ci liab hmoov, lub teeb ceev ceev liab BBN, lub teeb ceev ceev liab BBC, golden lub teeb liab C, lub teeb ceev ceev ci liab 2BP, Lisol magenta 4BP, Lisol Baohong BK, mus tas li liab F3RK, mus tas li liab F5RK, Pigment liab 122, Pigment Red 254, Organic Medium Daj, Organic Tartrazine, Lightfast Daj G, Permanent Daj 2G, Permanent Daj HR, Pigment Daj 81, Pigment Daj 110, Pigment Daj 139, Pigment Daj 151, Pigment Daj Orange Daj, Pigment Daj Permanent 18 64, Phthalocyanine Blue BGS, Phthalocyanine Green G, Pigment Violet 19, Permanent Violet RL thiab lwm yam organic pigments. Rau kev ua cov hnab yas polypropylene thiab cov kev xav tau rau kev siv cua sov, kev ua haujlwm siab thiab tshwj xeeb sib xyaw antioxidant JC-1225 tuaj yeem muab kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab siv kev ruaj ntseg. Table 1 qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm yaj Performance index ntawm polypropylene nrog cov tshuaj antioxidants sib txawv. Cov nyhuv ntawm antioxidant JC -1225 yog zoo dua li cov antioxidant 225.
Ntxiv masterbatch rau resin los tsim txhua yam ntawm cov khoom yas tau yog ib txoj hauv kev siv hauv kev lag luam plastics. Rau cov khoom lag luam uas tau ua tiav thiab tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv cov masterbatches, cov cab kuj siv rau hauv kev tsim cov masterbatches yuav raug thermal degradation thiab mechanical degradation dua thaum cov cab cab tau rhuab dua thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov khoom yas, uas nyob rau hauv lem ua rau thiab accelerates lub siv cov khoom. tshav kub, oxygen, thiab photoaging. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov cab kuj resin nyob rau hauv cov masterbatch nyob rau hauv cov khoom yas tsis loj, qhov teeb meem ntawm ceev aging tshwm sim los ntawm lub thib ob los yog ntau tshaj cua sov, thiab cov cuam tshuam rau cov laus kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom yas, yuav tsum ua rau cov masterbatch. xim ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thiab cov khoom lag luam ua lag luam.
Raws li ib txwm muaj, rau cov tuam txhab masterbatch thiab cov lag luam uas siv qee cov ntaub ntawv thib ob lossis cov khoom siv rov ua dua los tsim cov khoom yas, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv phenolic thiab phosphite antioxidants yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom lub zog ruaj khov thaum ua haujlwm.
